国有企业每年什么时候结账?在编制财务报表之前是否有必要这样做?

Đánh giá bài viết

国有企业关闭会计账簿的目的是什么?

根据107/2017/TT-BTC号文第五条第七款,关闭会计账簿的规定如下如下: 之后:

期末会计账簿是指将账簿相加,计算各会计科目借方、贷方和期末余额的总额或收入、支出、资金余额、进出口、存货总额的行为。

国有企业按照什么程序关闭会计账簿?

关闭会计账簿的程序按照107/2017/TT-BTC号文第五条第七款b点的规定执行如下:

(1)手工记账:

第一步:结账前核对比较

– 会计期末,将当期产生的所有会计凭证反映到会计账簿中后,将会计凭证上的数据(如有必要)与记录数据、相关会计账簿数据之间进行比较,以确保会计凭证上的数据与记录数据以及会计账簿之间的正确匹配。继续将总账和明细账簿上出现的数字相加。

– 从详细的会计书籍和卡片中,为必须记录在许多书籍或许多书页上的帐户创建详细的汇总表。

– 继续将分类帐或日记帐上所有帐户的借方和贷方金额相加 – 分类帐以确保数据正确匹配并等于总金额。然后将账本中的数据与明细账簿或明细汇总表中的数据进行比较,将会计的数据与财务主管和仓库管理员的数据进行比较。确保正确匹配后,会计账簿将关闭。如果存在差异,必须查明原因并处理差异,直至匹配正确。

第二步:合上书本

– 结账时,必须在记录会计期间最后一笔交易的线下方画一条水平线。然后在划线下方写上“添加该月内出现的数字”;

– 继续写入“期末余额”行(月、季度、年);

– 从季度初开始继续写入“添加前几个月累计出现的数字”行;

– 继续写入“从年初开始累计出现的数字总数”行;

“期末余额”行计算如下:

期末借方余额

=

期初借方余额

+

本期借方余额

本期贷方金额期末

期末贷方余额

=

期初贷方余额

+

本期产生的贷方金额

本期产生的债务金额期间

计算每个账户的余额后,任何有借方余额的账户都记录在借方栏,任何有贷方余额的账户都记录在贷方栏。

– 最后,连续画两条线,完成合书。

– Particularly for some detailed books that have columns for Debit, Credit and “Balance” columns (or import, export, “remaining” or revenue, expenditure, “fund balance”…), the balance column data (remaining or outstanding) is recorded in the “Ending balance” line of the “Balance” column or the “Fund balance” column, or the “Remaining” column.

After closing the accounting books, the bookkeeper must sign below 2 lines, the chief accountant or the person in charge of accounting checking to ensure accuracy and balance will sign for confirmation.然后报送单位负责人审核批准,确认会计账簿结账数据的合法性。

(2) 计算机记账:

Setting up the accounting book closing process on accounting software needs to ensure and demonstrate book closing principles in case of manual accounting book recording.

We see that closing accounting books can be done manually or on a computer and must ensure compliance with the provisions of law on procedures for closing accounting books.

Do state-owned companies need to close accounting books before preparing financial reports?

根据第107/2017/TT-BTC号通知第五条第七款a点规定,会计账簿关闭期间如下:

– 现金簿必须在每天结束时关闭。 After closing the books, a comparison must be made between the accountant’s cash book with the cashier’s cash book and the cash in the safe to ensure accuracy and match.每月的最后一天,必须准备好现金资金库存。盘点后,当月最后一天现金资金存货与现金账簿一起保存。

– 银行和国库存款簿必须在月底关闭,以便与银行和国库进行数据比较; The data comparison table with the bank and treasury (with confirmation from the bank and treasury) is kept with the monthly bank and treasury deposit book.

– 会计单位必须在年度会计期间结束时关闭会计账簿,然后再编制财务报表。

– In addition, the accounting unit must close the accounting books in cases of unexpected inventory or other cases as prescribed by law.

Thus, we see that the time to close accounting books according to regulations is at the end of the annual accounting period, before preparing financial statements.另外,如果出现意外库存,您还有责任按规定结账。

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