Who Is the Legal Representative of a Private Enterprise?

Quick answer: The legal representative of a private enterprise is the private enterprise owner — the owner is the legal representative, representing the private enterprise as the petitioner in civil matters, plaintiff, defendant, or person with related rights and obligations before Arbitration and Courts (Article 190 of the Law on Enterprises 2020, as amended and supplemented by Law No. 76/2025/QH15).

Legal Representative of a Private Enterprise

Under Article 190 of the Law on Enterprises 2020, the private enterprise owner is the legal representative and the sole owner of the private enterprise. The private enterprise owner bears liability with all of their assets for all activities of the enterprise.

May a Private Enterprise Contribute Capital to Establish Other Companies?

Yes. Under Clause 3, Article 188 of the Law on Enterprises 2020, the private enterprise owner may lease out the entire enterprise; the private enterprise owner may also contribute capital, purchase shares or capital contributions in other enterprises in accordance with the law.

Applicable Legal Basis

• Law on Enterprises 2020 (59/2020/QH14), as amended by Law 76/2025/QH15: Articles 188 and 190 (not within the scope amended by Law 76/2025).

Notes on Applying Current Legal Regulations

This article falls under Corporate & M&A Knowledge and is presented for reference, helping readers understand the legal issue at an overview level before preparing dossiers or carrying out transactions.

Legal regulations may change over time and vary by locality, dossier type and specific circumstances. To determine the exact legal basis applicable to your case, please contact an ANT Legal lawyer at 0966.475.966 for verification and advice before proceeding.

Common Risks to Note

• Applying a legal document that has been amended, supplemented or replaced.
• Preparing incomplete dossiers, documents or evidence.
• Misunderstanding the conditions, procedures, time limits or competent authority.
• Signing, filing dossiers or transacting without fully assessing legal risks.

How Can ANT Legal Help?

ANT Legal assists in reviewing specific situations, checking dossiers, determining the applicable legal basis, advising on handling options, and representing clients before individuals, organizations or competent authorities when needed.

For prompt consultation, please contact our lawyers at 0966.475.966.

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